Device brings silicon computing power to brain research and prosthetics
Author Name: Desrina R Category Name: Science and Technology Description: Nobody has taken these 2D silicon electronics and matched them to the three-dimensional architecture of the brain before," said Abdulmalik Obaid, a graduate student in materials science and engineering at Stanford. "We had to throw out what we already know about conventional chip fabrication and design new processes to bring silicon electronics into the third dimension. And we had to do it in a way that could scale up easily." The device, contains a bundle of microwires, with each wire less than half the width of the thinnest... Read More
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On behalf of the Journal of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, as Editor-in-Chief, it is my distinct honour and privilege to welcome you to the Journal of Environmental and Toxicology Studies. The 
Pediatric cardiology Helen B. Taussig is known as the founder of pediatric cardiology. She became famous through her work with Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect in which oxygenated and deoxygenated blood enters the circulatory system resulting from a ventricular septal defect (VSD) right beneath the aorta. This condition causes newborns to have a bluish-tint, cyanosis, and have a deficiency of oxygen to their tissues, hypoxemia. She worked with Alfred Blalock and Vivien Thomas at the Johns Hopkins Hospital where they experimented with dogs to look at how they would attempt to surgically cure these "blue babies." They eventually... 
Our 
We are glad to introduce our 
As Editor-in-Chief, it is my distinct honour and privilege to welcome you to Our 
American Journal of Computer Science and Engineering Survey (AJCSES) is a peer review open access journal publishing the state of the art research in computer science and engineering survey. Feature selection in high-dimensional datasets is considered to be a complex and time-consuming problem. To enhance the accuracy of classification and reduce the execution time, Parallel Evolutionary Algorithms (PEAs) can be used. In this paper, we make a review for the most recent works which handle the use of PEAs for feature selection in large datasets. We have classified the algorithms in these papers into four main classes (Genetic... 
Assessment of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Older Adults in Brazil It is one of the most interesting article in the Journal of Nephrology and Urology. Here we explain the introduction of that inspiring article. Want to know more about the article can go through the below link 
American Journal of Computer Science and Engineering Survey (AJCSES) is a peer review open access journal publishing the state of the art research in computer science and engineering survey. American Journal of Computer Science and Engineering Survey (AJCSES) is devoted to the publication referred papers on cutting-edge research in all the scientific areas of Computer Engineering and novel insights into its technology. Journal intends to provide its researchers, practitioners and academics the latest and remarkable researches made by different scientists and industrial experts by providing free access to the published articles. Manuscripts elucidating research... 
Description As Editor-in-Chief, it is my distinct honour and privilege to welcome you to Our 
1. Harmonic Arts Botanical Dispensary This article wouldn’t be complete without Canadian representation in the field. I am Canadian after all. Harmonic Arts is located on my own home sweet home of Vancouver Island, BC, Canada. Founded and run by herbalist Yarrow Willard, son of well-known herbalist and teacher Terry Willard of Wild Rose College, Harmonic Arts not only offers high-quality bulk herbs and formulated products, but great educational articles, videos, presentations, and teachings. Yarrow, Angela, and Terry Willard were in fact presenters at our local Vancouver Island Herb Gathering in Comox BC this year. Harmonic Arts blog covers topics... 
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor (AT1R) Antibody and Renal Allograft Vascular Rejection 
AMMETER An ammeter (from Ampere Meter) is a measuring instrument used to measure the current in a circuit. Electric currents are measured in amperes (A), hence the name. Instruments used to measure smaller currents, in the milliampere or microampere range, are designated as milliammeters or microammeters. Early ammeters were laboratory instruments which relied on the Earth's magnetic field for operation. By the late 19th century, improved instruments were designed which could be mounted in any position and allowed accurate measurements in electric power systems. It is generally represented by letter 'A' in a circuit. The D'Arsonval galvanometer is a moving... 
FLUOROMETERY A fluorometer or fluorimeter is a device used to measure parameters of visible spectrum fluorescence: its intensity and wavelength distribution of emission spectrum after excitation by a certain spectrum of light.These parameters are used to identify the presence and the amount of specific molecules in a medium. Modern fluorometers are capable of detecting fluorescent molecule concentrations as low as 1 part per trillion. Fluorescence analysis can be orders of magnitude more sensitive than other techniques. Applications include chemistry/biochemistry, medicine, environmental monitoring. For instance, they are used to measure chlorophyll fluorescence to investigate plant physiology. Typically fluorometers utilize a double beam. These two beams work in tandem to decrease the noise created from radiant power fluctuations. The upper beam is... 
1. Chestnut School of Herbal Medicine I love love love Juliet Blankespoor’s sweet and wacky sense of humor, and in fact, it is what captured my attention on this blog in the first place. This is a blog with personality. It is full of great articles about specific herbs, recipes, gardening and growing, and of course her online herbalist courses. Juliet’s blog and courses are complimented by beautiful photos and videos which make them thoroughly enjoyable. I understand that this is another passion and skill she has developed, which makes this blog all the more dear to my heart, as... 
On behalf of the Journal of 
Fick's first law Fick's first law relates the diffusive 
The thoracic duct (TD), as the largest lymphatic vessel, drains approximately three quarters of the body’s lymph into the venous 
Etymology The word 
Internal carotid artery aneurysms are rare pathologies. Endovascular treatment of these disorders is new and emerging field of interventional neurology. A 50 year old male presented to our unit with progressive headaches, visual disturbance and panhypopituitarism. Investigations revealed a giant fusiform right cavernous internal artery aneurysm (39 x 33 x 37 mm). He underwent endovascular treatment with a Surpass flow diverting stent and subsequently developed a cavernous sinus syndrome and carotid-venous fistula. A novel stent-in-stent technique was utilized and a Surpass Streamline 3 x 25 mm flow-diverting stent was placed across the fistulating zone of the initial stent, with clinical... 
On behalf of the Journal, as Editor-in-Chief, it is my distinct honor and privilege to welcome you to the Journal of Theoretical and Computational Science. The 
On behalf of the Journal, as Editor-in-Chief, it is my distinct honor and privilege to welcome you to the Journal of Theoretical and Computational Science. The 
Women drinking during pregnancy can result in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), which features neurodevelopmental deficit, facial dysmorphology, growth retardation, and learning disability. Research suggests the human brain is precisely shaped through an intrinsic, genetic-cellular expression that is orchestrated further upstream by an epigenetic program. This program can be influenced by environmental inputs such as alcohol. Current research suggests the genetic and epigenetics of FASD are becoming intertwined and inseparable. Now is the time for investigators to combine genetic, genomic and epigenetic alcohol research into an accessible, online platform discussion. Genetic analyses inform gene sets vulnerable to alcohol exposure... 
The recently identified RNA modification system has been demonstrated to play important roles in human cancer, immune diseases and mental disorders. The general functions and roles of m6A modification, such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N1-methyladenosine (m1A), have been well described in the past decades, including m6A machines (writer, eraser, and reader genes) and systems, the role of m6A on splicing, RNA exporting, RNA stability, protein translate and specific abnormalities in individual cancers. However, the pan-cancer and cancer-specific m6A variation and characteristics are still unknown. Recent technological advancements such as MeRIP-Seq/m6A-seq have allowed considerable progress in understanding the role played by... 
Term “urologic diseases” illustrate a variety of conditions There are many urologic disorders and diseases. The following are a selection of some of the diseases. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlarged prostate. It is an increase in the size of the prostate gland. BPH is very common in older men. It is not directly connected to prostate cancer. The symptoms of BPH are caused by the pressure that a larger prostate can place on the urethra. The urethra is the narrow tube that carries urine from the bladder and out of the body. Men with BPH may experience a... 
FLUOROMETER A fluorometer or fluorimeter is a device used to measure parameters of visible spectrum fluorescence: its intensity and wavelength distribution of emission spectrum after excitation by a certain spectrum of light.These parameters are used to identify the presence and the amount of specific molecules in a medium. Modern fluorometers are capable of detecting fluorescent molecule concentrations as low as 1 part per trillion. Fluorescence analysis can be orders of magnitude more sensitive than other techniques. Applications include chemistry/biochemistry, medicine, environmental monitoring. For instance, they are used to measure chlorophyll fluorescence to investigate plant physiology. Typically fluorometers utilize a double beam. These two beams work in tandem to decrease the noise created from radiant power fluctuations. The upper beam is... 
One of most cited article in the Journal of Nephrology and Urology (Partial Nephrectomy Managed with Selective Embolization) 
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The volume of generated and stored data from social media has increased in the last decade. Therefore, analyzing and understanding this kind of data can offer relevant information in different contexts and can assist researchers and companies in the decision-making process. However, the data are scattered in a large volume, come from different sources, with different formats and are rapidly created. Such facts make the knowledge extraction difficult, turning it in a complex and high costly process. The scientific contribution of this paper is the development of a social media data integration model based on a data warehouse to reduce... 
Image processing and computer vision is an important and essential area in today’s world. Several problems can be solved through computer vision techniques. There are a large number of challenges and opportunities that require skills in the field of computer vision in order to address them. Computer vision applications cover each band of the electromagnetic spectrum, and there are numerous applications in every band. This article is targeted to research students, scholars, and researchers who are interested in solving problems in the field of image processing and computer vision. It addresses the opportunities and current trends of computer vision applications... 
Dentistry and Craniofacial Research aims to provide a common platform for both clinical and translational research and to promote interdisciplinary sciences in craniofacial region. Journal publishes content that includes diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and the hard and soft tissues of the mouth and jaws and face region; diagnosis and medical management of diseases specific to the orofacial tissues and of oral manifestations of systemic diseases; studies on identifying populations at risk of oral disease or in need of specific care, and comparing regional, environmental, social, and access similarities and differences in dental care between... 
Physics has for decades played a crucial role in the development of new techniques for medicine and is becoming increasingly important in understanding the behavior of biological systems. Biomedical physics deals with applications of physics to questions of biology and medicine. 
Dentistry and Craniofacial Research is a peer reviewed journal which dealing with the study of dental and allied subject which offer a better understanding of dentistry. Dentistry and Craniofacial Research publishes high class papers with nominal fee. Dentistry and Craniofacial Research publishes original articles, case reports, review articles, editorials, short communications, contemporary issues, letters to editor, book reviews and other scientific information in the field of dental sciences including Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Community Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Oral Medicine & Radiology, Oral Pathology, Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics. The journal will welcome articles from the field... 
In medicine, traumatology is the study of wounds and injuries caused by accidents or violence to a person, and the surgical therapy and repair of the damage. Traumatology is a branch of medicine. It is often considered a subset of surgery and in countries without the specialty of trauma surgery it is most often a sub-specialty to orthopedic surgery. Traumatology may also be known as accident surgery. Branches Branches of traumatology include medical traumatology and psychological traumatology. Medical Traumatology can be defined as the study of specializing in the treatment of wounds and injuries caused by violence or general accidents.... 
A bronchodilator or broncholytic (although the latter occasionally includes secretory inhibition as well) is a substance that dilates the bronchi and bronchioles, decreasing resistance in the respiratory airway and increasing airflow to the lungs. Bronchodilators may be endogenous (originating naturally within the body), or they may be medications administered for the treatment of breathing difficulties. They are most useful in obstructive lung diseases, of which asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are the most common conditions. Although this remains somewhat controversial, they might be useful in bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis. They are often prescribed but of unproven significance in restrictive lung... 
Antisperm antibodies (ASA) have been considered as infertility cause in around 10–30% of infertile couples. ASA production are directed against surface antigens on sperm, which can interfere with sperm motility and transport through the female reproductive tract, inhibiting capacitation and acrosome reaction, impaired fertilization, influence on the implantation process, and impaired growth and development of the embryo. Risk factors for the formation of antisperm antibodies in men include the breakdown of the blood‑testis barrier, trauma and surgery, orchitis, infections, prostatitis, testicular cancer, failure of immunosuppression and unprotected receptive anal or oral sex with men. Genetics Klinefelter Syndrome-One of the most commonly known causes of infertility is Klinefelter Syndrome,... 
Study on Responses Of C-peptide And Blood Glucose For Carbohydrate 70g in Diabetes Abstract Background: Discussion concerning Carbohydrate Restriction (CR) and Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) has been continued. Authors formerly proposed insulinogenic index-carbohydrate 70 g (IGI-carbo70). Along this, C-peptide index for Carbohydrate-70 g (CPI-Carbo70) is studied. Subjects and Methods: Subjects were 46 patients (62.5 yo. in average) with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and admitted for evaluation. CR diet was given on day 1-2 with 60% carbohydrates, 25% lipids and 15% protein with 1400 kcal/day. On day 2, breakfast with Carbo70 was given, and glucose and C-peptide (CP)... 
Ayurvedic Concept of Menopausal Syndrome Menopause is defined as absence of Menstrual period for 12 months. There is no reliable lab test to predict when a woman will experience menopause. In India Average age of Menopause in around 48 years but it strikes Indian women as young as 30-35 years. So menopausal health demands even higher priority in Indian scenario. The term Rajonivritti means "End of ArtavaPravritti" or Cessation of menstruation as well as ovarian function. Rajonivrittti as a diseased condition is not described separately in the classics; Rajonivritti-kala is mentioned by almost all Acharyas. Due to changing lifestyle,... 
Hundreds of inherited blood disorders have been characterized, which in their majority are still without effective palliative treatments. Although many of them are, in principle, curable by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, limited availability of compatible donors and persistent associated risks of treatment-related morbidity and mortality have prompted the search for alternative cures. As a result, gene therapy treatments have been developed, and for some of the more prominent blood disorders have reached the clinic and even market approval. Here, the most advanced approaches are based on gene addition by integrating viral vectors, which poses the inherent risk of insertional... 
A place for both Medical Toxicology and Clinical Forensic Medicine Journal of 
An insight into Medical Toxicology and Clinical Forensic Medicine Journal of 
Under Nutrition and Over Nutrition Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which one or more nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems. It may involve calories, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins or minerals. Not enough nutrients is called undernutrition or undernourishment while too much is called overnutrition. Malnutrition is often used to specifically refer to undernutrition where an individual is not getting enough calories, protein, or micronutrients. If undernutrition occurs during pregnancy, or before two years of age, it may result in permanent problems with physical and mental... 
All that you should know about Corona Virus Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that are typically mild, such as some cases of the common cold (among other possible causes, predominantly rhinoviruses), though rarer forms can be lethal, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. There are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections. Coronaviruses constitute the... 
Uses of Biomarkers in Cancer Research A cancer biomarker refers to a substance or process that is indicative of the presence of cancer in the body. A biomarker may be a molecule secreted by a tumor or a specific response of the body to the presence of cancer. Genetic, epigenetic, proteomic, glycomic, and imaging biomarkers can be used for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and epidemiology. Ideally, such biomarkers can be assayed in non-invasively collected biofluids like blood or serum. Developing drug targets In addition to their use in cancer medicine, biomarkers are often used throughout the cancer drug discovery process. For... 
Definition of Cancer Biomarker A cancer biomarker refers to a substance or process that is indicative of the presence of cancer in the body. A biomarker may be a molecule secreted by a tumor or a specific response of the body to the presence of cancer. Genetic, epigenetic, proteomic, glycomic, and imaging biomarkers can be used for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and epidemiology. Ideally, such biomarkers can be assayed in non-invasively collected biofluids like blood or serum. While numerous challenges exist in translating biomarker research into the clinical space; a number of gene and protein based biomarkers have already been used... 
Graph mining 
Structure mining 
Acidic Medium Acid strength refers to the tendency of an acid, symbolised by the chemical formula , to dissociate into a proton, and an anion .The dissociation of a strong acid in solution is effectively complete, except in its most concentrated solutions. Examples of strong acids are hydrochloric acid (HCl), perchloric acid (HClO4), nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). A weak acid is only partially dissociated, with both the undissociated acid and its dissociation products being present, in solution, in equilibrium with each other. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is an example of a weak acid. The strength of a weak acid is quantified by its acid dissociation constant, pKa value. The strength of a weak organic acid may depend on substituent effects. The... 
Chronic kidney disease in childhood varies when compared to adults CKD (Chronic kidney disease) is a chronic condition in which the kidneys are permanently damaged. Kidney function is decreased, and it gets worse over time and it is also called as chronic renal disease Chronic renal disease for children is a major problem of public health. The causes of the child's chronic renal disease are mainly the defects of the kidney and urinary tract, hereditary diseases and glomerulopathy. Furthermore, diabetes and high blood pressure are about half of cases for the adult. This study aimed to investigate the diagnosis and... 
Extracellular Matrix (ECM) based bio scaffolds has increasingly emerged in tissue engineering application because it contains structural, biochemical, and biomechanical cues that have dramatic effects upon cell behaviors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to prepare aortic scaffolds based on ECM by sonication decellularization system with biomechanically and structurally preserve compared to native aortic tissues. Aortic tissues are sonicated at 170 kHz of ultrasound frequency in 0.1% and 2% SDS for 10 h. The effectiveness of sonication decellularization system to remove the cells is determined through Hematoxylin & Eosin staining and DNA quantification. Indentation test is used to evaluate... 
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) were discovered a long time ago but our knowledge about their etiopathogenesis are still limited. These disorders can affect many pregnant women all over the world putting them, their families and their countries under significant health burden. The main goal of all research efforts regarding treatment of HDP is how to prevent highly morbid complications and mortality of HDP that may affect both mother and fetus. Delivery is the main line of treatment for severe cases but we have to put in our mind risk of prematurity as a possible outcome in case of termination... 
REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE AND ITS SCOPE Reproductive medicine is a branch of medicine concerning the male and female reproductive systems. It encompasses a variety of reproductive conditions, their prevention and assessment, as well as their subsequent treatment and prognosis. It also incorporates many aspects of ethics and law and has recently seen massive advancements with the help of technology and research. Reproductive medicine has allowed the development of artificial reproductive techniques (ARTs) which have allowed advances in overcoming human infertility, as well as being used in agriculture and in wildlife conservation. Some examples of ARTs include IVF, artificial insemination... 
Acromegaly: A Hormonal Disorder Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that develops when your pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone during adulthood. When this happens, your bones increase in size, including those of your hands, feet and face. Acromegaly usually affects middle-aged adults. Acromegaly usually affects middle-aged adults, though it can develop at any age. In children who are still growing, too much growth hormone can cause a condition called gigantism. These children have exaggerated bone growth and an abnormal increase in height. Because acromegaly is uncommon and physical changes occur gradually, the condition sometimes takes a long time... 
Progesterone has key effects via non-genomic signalling on human sperm as they migrate through the female tract before fertilization occurs, though the receptor(s) as yet remain unidentified. Detailed characterisation of the events occurring in sperm in response to progesterone has elucidated certain events including intracellular calcium transients and maintained changes, slow calcium oscillations, now thought to possibly regulate motility. It is produced by the ovaries. Progesterone has also been shown to demonstrate effects on octopus spermatozoa. Progesterone is sometimes called the "hormone of pregnancy" and it has many roles relating to the development of the fetus: Progesterone converts the endometrium to its secretory stage to prepare the uterus for implantation.... 
A drug must interact with its target(s) to achieve the therapeutic effects. Mutation in drug target is a critical mechanism that results in drug resistance. The aim of this topic is to highlight clinically-relevant mutations in drug targets that lead to resistance to anticancer or antivirus agents as well as current strategies in overcoming these resistances. There are several scenarios under which a mutation could lead to drug resistance. Mutations could reduce the binding affinity of a drug to its target or render the target constitutively active. Worse yet, mutations could turn a drug from an antagonist into an... 
Liver Iron Content by MRI at the start of hemodialysis 
Posttraumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder that can develop after a person is exposed to a traumatic event, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, or other threats on a person's life. Symptoms may include disturbing thoughts, feelings, or dreams related to the events, mental or physical distress to trauma-related cues, attempts to avoid trauma-related cues alterations in how a person thinks and feels, and an increase in the fight-or-flight response. These symptoms last for more than a month after the event. Young children are less likely to show distress, but instead may express their memories through... 
The two-dimensional grids with point and edge singularities in order to develop an efficient parallel hypergraph grammar-based multifrontal direct solver algorithm. We express these grids by a hypergraph. For these meshes, we define a sequence of hypergraph grammar productions expressing the construction of frontal matrices, eliminating fully assembled nodes, merging the resulting Schur complements, and repeating the process of elimination and merging until a single frontal matrix remains. The dependency relationship between hypergraph grammar productions is analyzed, and a dependency graph is plotted (which is equivalent to the elimination tree of a multifrontal solver algorithm). We utilize a classical multi-frontal... 
This paper tackles the Multi-Robot Task Allocation problem. It consists of two distinct sets: a set of tasks (requiring resources), and a set of robots (offering resources). Then, the tasks are allocated to robots while optimizing a certain objective function subject to some constraints; e.g., allocating the maximum number of tasks, minimizing the distances traveled by the robots, etc. Previous works mainly optimized the temporal and spatial constraints, but no work focused on energetic constraints. Our main contribution is the introduction of energetic constraints on multi-robot task allocation problems. In addition, we propose an allocation method based on parallel distributed... 
Henry's law 
Acidity and basicity 
Body Mass Index Impact on the Long-Term Outcome after Kidney Transplantation in Japanese Patients The obesity adversely affects the condition of a patient with AKI and CKD. On the other hand, it is a fact that BMI relates to the survival rate positively in the patients on dialysis, since a drop of the muscle quantity drives malnutrition as the cause of poor patients survival. When such an end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patient is going to receive a renal transplantation, weight loss is instructed in many institutes because of a consideration for complications after the transplant. It has not been well answered whether... 
Pediatrics refers to the medical diagnostics and treatments of the infants till grown up age which differs from country to country. In general, medical attention to the infants and the children are majorly considered under pediatrics. Presently the subject contains several sub disciplines including general aspects of pediatrics, pediatric cardiology, neurology, gastroenterology, hematology, nephrology, endocrinology, neonatal and adolescent medicine, oncology, neonatal and prenatal ethical considerations etc. Concerns in pediatric issues require input from scientific communities for a better and healthy world. This journal aims to distribute information on all scientific ground and social aspects related to pediatric issues and neonatal... 
Background: After a stroke, the accomplishment of daily life activities depends on the recovery of the motor function. Few data are available on post stroke walk recovery in the African context. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the age of stroke occurrence in Benin and its consequences on the walking speed and endurance of hemiplegic patients. Methods and findings: This was a cross-sectional pilot study and carried out at the University hospital of Borgou and included 22 hemiplegic people (63.8% men). The Measurement of Functional Ambulation Classification, Barthel Index and Modified Rankins Scale to evaluate the functional ability;... 
Chronic heart has been extensively characterized as a disorder arising from a complex interaction between impaired ventricular performance and neurohormonal activation. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system is one of the key pathophysiological disturbances in patients with chronic heart failure. Levels of circulating catecholamine's increase in patients with heart failure which is directly proportional to the severity of the disease; and those with the highest plasma levels of norepinephrine have the most unfavorable prognosis. Sympathetic activation is a significant predictor of poor prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure. There is an overwhelming evidence that supports the notion that, drugs... 
The breakdown of Dennard scaling has resulted in a decade-long stall of the maximum operating clock frequencies of processors. To mitigate this issue, computing shifted to multi-core devices. This introduced the need for programming flows and tools that facilitate the expression of workload parallelism at high abstraction levels. However, not all workloads are easily parallelizable, and the minor improvements to processor cores have not significantly increased single-threaded performance. Simultaneously, Instruction Level Parallelism in applications is considerably underexplored. This article reviews notable approaches that focus on exploiting this potential parallelism via automatic generation of specialized hardware from binary code. Although research... 
While analyzing data, a widely used task is to find groups of dataset objects that share similar characteristics. In doing so, users gain insight into their data, understand it, and even reduce its high-dimensionality nature. These conceptual groups are commonly referred to as clusters. Automatic clustering is a technique that discovers “natural” structures hidden in the data in an unsupervised way. It consists of automatically grouping a set of unlabeled data samples into clusters so that samples in the same cluster are more similar to each other than to samples assigned to other clusters. Although a cluster is inherently a... 
Reversion-Inducing Cysteine-Rich Protein With Kazal Motifs (RECK) In Angiogenesis Reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) may play a role in tumor angiogenesis. 
American Journal of Computer Science and Engineering Survey (AJCSES) is a peer review open access journal publishing the state of the art research in computer science and engineering survey. American Journal of Computer Science and Engineering Survey (AJCSES) is devoted to the publication referred papers on cutting-edge research in all the scientific areas of Computer Engineering and novel insights into its technology. Journal intends to provide its researchers, practitioners and academics the latest and remarkable researches made by different scientists and industrial experts by providing free access to the published articles. Manuscripts elucidating research... 
On behalf of the 
Heart Failure: Metabolism, Epigenetics, and Causal Inference Heart failure is a ruinous destination for many afflicted with cardiovascular disease and is not a single condition or single set of diagnostic criteria; instead, it manifests through an intricate series of molecular and systemic malfunctions ranging from the sub-organelle level to the multiple organ systems of the body. Regardless of the etiology, humans with, and animal models of, heart failure are characterized by abnormal metabolism and gene expression, some aspects of which are compensatory responses to the disease whereas others promulgate injury. Close communication between the metabolome and the epigenome sets basal... 
International Journal for Case reports is broad scope, peer reviewed journal that covers all aspects of clinical specialties and medical sciences. International Journal for Case reports aims to keep scientists, clinicians and medical practitioners, researchers, and students up-to-date by publishing interesting articles on the on-going research of their relevant field. This open access journal allows outstanding quality articles to maintain the standard of journal and to obtain high impact factor. Journal welcome case reports that are of great importance in every field of scientific research such as clinical, medical, surgical, analytical, and diagnostic fields. The journal invites different types of... 
The 
Ronald Fisher needed to develop elaborate models of genetic effects in order to set the foundations of Quantitative Genetics in his 1918 paper “The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance”. Since then, many significant implementations have been made to model genetic effects. However, at the verge of one century after Fisher’s kick-off, models of genetic effects keep on being discussed and implemented. Indeed, the relatively recent advent of QTL analyses challenged the state of the art of this field by providing researchers the opportunity to obtain and analyze estimates of genetic effects from real data. In this... 
Dynamic host-virus interactions determine the outcomes of virus infection, clinical sequelae and prophylactic or therapeutic responses. Host genetic variants in genes involved in viral life cycle and defences against infection affect the fate of viral exposures. Host proviral and antiviral factors have been identified for many medically important viruses, but the role of host genetics for most viruses remains elusive or unexplored. The highly variable outcomes of viral infections are likely attributable to complex interactions between the host and pathogen genetic variation. The identification of host genes and key pathogen-interacting factors by genome-wide genetic, expression, epigenetic profiling and other emerging... 
How Societal/Domestic Violence effects on Health of Women Violence is widespread, affects women of all cultures globally, breeds in silence, and finds legitimacy through cultural norms. Perpretors are partners, husbands, family, and friends. It may be domestic violence (DV), sexual (SV) or other type of violence at home or work or public place, serious violation of women’s rights as human beings. It is important cause of physical, psychological health problems. Violence against women is widespread, occurs in nearly every country and every culture. In many parts of the world, the marital relationship has the dominance of husband, dependence and obedience... 
Emergency nursing is a specialty within the field of professional nursing focusing on the care of patients who require prompt medical attention to avoid long-term disability or death. In addition to addressing "true emergencies," emergency nurses increasingly care for people who are unwilling or unable to get primary medical care elsewhere and come to emergency departments for help. In fact, only a small percentage of emergency department (ED) patients have emergency conditions such as a stroke, heart attack or major 
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On behalf of the 
On behalf of the 
Reactive air way diseases is an informal label that physicans apply to patients with symptoms similar to those of asthma. More generally, there is controversy over the use of RAD as a label in the healthcare setting, largely due to the ambiguous definition that the term has. Since RAD is not recognized as a real clinical diagnosis, its meaning is highly inconsistent and may cause confusion and misdiagnosis within the medical community. There are also concerns with overtreatment and undertreatment with RAD amongst physicians, since there is little formality with the label. Other problems that healthcare workers have with the use... 
Conductometric titration Conductometry is a measurement of electrolytic conductivity to monitor a progress of chemical reaction. Conductometry has notable application in analytical chemistry, where conductometric titration is a standard technique. In usual analytical chemistry practice, the term conductometry is used as a synonym of conductometric titration, while the term conductimetry is used to describe non-titrative applications.Conductometry is often applied to determine the total conductance of a solution or to analyze the end point of titrations that include ions. Titration Conductometric titration is a type of titration in which the electrolytic conductivity of the reaction mixture is continuously monitored as one reactant is added. The equivalence point is the point at which the conductivity undergoes a sudden change. Marked increase... 
Electrochemical Process Elementary steps like proton coupled electron transfer and the movement of electrons between an electrode and substrate are special to electrochemical processes. Electrochemical mechanisms are important to all redox chemistry including corrosion, redox active photochemistry including photosynthesis, other biological systems often involving electron transport chains and other forms of homogeneous and heterogeneous electron transfer. Such reactions are most often studied with standard three electrode techniques such as cyclic voltammetry(CV), chronoamperometry, and bulk electrolysis as well as more complex experiments involving rotating disk electrodes and rotating ring-disk electrodes. In the case of photoinduced electron transfer the use of time-resolved spectroscopy is common. When describing electrochemical reactions an "E" and "C" formalism is often employed. The E represents an electron... 
DOCTOR OF DENTAL SURGERY 
War against Cancer Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen. Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent (which almost always involves combinations of drugs), or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms (palliative chemotherapy). Chemotherapy is one of the major categories of the medical discipline specifically devoted to pharmacotherapy for cancer, which is called medical oncology. The term chemotherapy has come to connote non-specific usage of intracellular poisons to inhibit mitosis, cell division. The connotation excludes more selective agents that... 
History of Cancer The earliest known descriptions of cancer appear in several papyri from Ancient Egypt. The Edwin Smith Papyrus was written around 1600 BC (possibly a fragmentary copy of a text from 2500 BC) and contains a description of cancer, as well as a procedure to remove breast tumours by cauterization. Hippocrates (ca. 460 BC – ca. 370 BC) described several kinds of cancer, referring to them by the term karkinos (carcinos), the Greek word for crab or crayfish, as well as carcinoma. This comes from the appearance of the cut surface of a solid malignant tumour, with "the... 
All that you should know about mental health Mental health is the level of psychological well-being or an absence of mental illness. It is the state of someone who is "functioning at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment". From the perspectives of positive psychology or of holism, mental health may include an individual's ability to enjoy life and to create a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health includes "subjective well-being, perceived self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, inter-generational dependence, and self-actualization of one's intellectual and emotional potential, among... 
How to get healthy? Nutrition is the science that interprets the nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism. It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism and excretion. The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods. For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduces risk of foodborne illnesses. The seven major classes of human nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, fiber, minerals, proteins, vitamins,... 
Development of Forensic Science The word forensic comes from the Latin term forēnsis, meaning "of or before the forum". The history of the term originates from Roman times, during which a criminal charge meant presenting the case before a group of public individuals in the forum. Both the person accused of the crime and the accuser would give speeches based on their sides of the story. The case would be decided in favor of the individual with the best argument and delivery. This origin is the source of the two modern usages of the word forensic—as a form of legal... 
Criminal Investigation – Forensic Science Criminal investigation is an applied science that involves the study of facts that are then used to inform criminal trials. A complete criminal investigation can include searching, interviews, interrogations, evidence collection and preservation, and various methods of investigation. Modern-day criminal investigations commonly employ many modern scientific techniques known collectively as forensic science. Criminal investigation is an ancient science that may have roots as far back as c. 1700 BCE in the writings of the Code of Hammurabi. In the code, it is suggested that both the accuser and the accused had the right to present... 
Infective endocarditis, though an infective lesion of the heart, can lead to systemic complications. Embolisation and subsequent stroke can be a major manifestation apart from other vascular phenomena. Mortality in infective endocarditis depends on various factors including the type of organism and the extent and type of valvular involvement. Case presentation: We report a case of a young male with native valve infective endocarditis, brought to attention by the systemic complications namely ischemic stroke and other vascular phenomena. The valve pathology leads to sepsis and subsequent mortality. Conclusion: Native valve infective endocarditis should be approached as a multisystem based disease, as its... 
Introduction: Functional single ventricle (FSV) includes a spectrum of severe congenital heart disease and is associated with high mortality, morbidity and resource usage. The Fontan procedure has been treated as the relatively ideal surgical treatment for these patients, but pathophysiological complications of the Fontan circulation are frequent and the anatomic structures of FSV patients are also complex. Even though echocardiography, CT and MRI can disclose and characterise common postoperative problems in patients with the Fontan palliation, no single imaging method is comprehensive in any given patient. Cardiovascular computed tomography angiogra phy (CCTA), with advanced technologies and markedly decreased radiation dose, can... 
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Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 
Role of Health Education The education which is related to health is also known as health education. Health education is a profession of educating people about health. Areas within this profession encompass environmental health, physical health, social health, emotional health, intellectual health, and spiritual health, as well as sexual and reproductive health education. Health education can be defined as the principle by which individuals and group of people, learn to behave in a manner conducive to the promotion, maintenance, or restoration of health. However, as there are multiple definitions of health, there are also multiple definitions of health education. The... 
Phases of Medical Research Medical research (or biomedical research), also known as experimental medicine, encompasses a wide array of research, extending from "basic research" (also called bench science or bench research) – involving fundamental scientific principles that may apply to a preclinical understanding – to clinical research, which involves studies of people who may be subjects in clinical trials. Within this spectrum is applied research, or translational research, conducted to expand knowledge in the field of medicine. Both clinical and preclinical research phases exist in the pharmaceutical industry's drug development pipelines, where the clinical phase is denoted by the term... 
Genes involved in cancer The goal of oncogenomics is to identify new oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis, predicting clinical outcome of cancers, and new targets for cancer therapies. As the Cancer Genome Project stated in a 2004 review article, "a central aim of cancer research has been to identify the mutated genes that are causally implicated in oncogenesis (cancer genes)." The Cancer Genome Atlas project is a related effort investigating the genomic changes associated with cancer, while the COSMIC cancer database documents acquired genetic mutations from hundreds of thousands of human... 
Cause and development of cancer The epidemiology of cancer is the study of the factors affecting cancer, as a way to infer possible trends and causes. The study of cancer epidemiology uses epidemiological methods to find the cause of cancer and to identify and develop improved treatments. This area of study must contend with problems of lead time bias and length time bias. Lead time bias is the concept that early diagnosis may artificially inflate the survival statistics of a cancer, without really improving the natural history of the disease. Length bias is the concept that slower growing, more... 
Water activity is an established concept for food science, especially with the assessment of food preservation and understanding which microorganisms might present a risk to the manufacturing process in relation to ingredients. Where there has been less research and discussion are with effect of water activity and appreciating the risks in relation to pharmaceutical products. Water Activity All pharmaceutical preparations will contain water. Some water will be free water and other water will be bound within the substance. The water that is bound is generally not biologically available to microorganisms, and simply measuring water content in a product through an... 
When comparing the phagocytic capacity and migration ability of white blood cells in patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy subject’s former is lower than the latter, as well the former secretion of IgA in the subcutaneous tissue is small in comparison than the latter. Patients with atopic dermatitis are susceptible to infections of the skin compared to healthy subjects. Also, in atopic dermatitis treatment guideline 2015 in Japan, patients with atopic dermatitis in the pathophysiology, pathogenesis in atopic dermatitis is described to be susceptible to infection in the skin. Also, like Staphylococcus aureus is described as easily fixing the lesion site. By the way,... 
Neuropathic pain is defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) as pain that arises as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. Such pain is generally resistant to treatment and profoundly affects the quality of life. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are inflammatory diseases of the CNS, and conditions involving CNS inflammation such as myelitis are associated with neuropathic pain. NMOSD was previously regarded as a variant of MS, but since the identification of pathogenic anti-aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG), NMOSD has been considered a distinctive disease entity with a pathogenic... 
Battling IL-17, the troublemaker in alcohol-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.1 The primary risk factors for HCC include chronic hepatitis B and C viral infections, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-related liver diseases (ALD). While recent clinical advances have considerably improved the management of HBV/HCV-driven liver diseases, both NAFLD and ALD are expected to increase the global burden of HCC significantly.1 Though NAFLD and ALD share similar histological features, ALD is the main cause of liver-related mortality worldwide.2 A recent large epidemiological study published in the Lancet and the clinical practice... 
On behalf of the Journal of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, as Editor-in-Chief, it is my distinct honour and privilege to welcome you to the Journal of Environmental and Toxicology Studies. The 
View on Drug 
Inert Gases 
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The global tobacco epidemic looms as a major threat to public health. There are more than 1.2 billion smokers in the world. The impact of tobacco use over several decades causes around 4 million deaths a year. Because of the lag between tobacco use today and the appearance of tobacco's full health effects, patterns of tobacco use today will lead to about 10 million deaths from tobacco per year in the 2020s. And because 70 percent of tobacco users now live in developing countries, it is not surprising that 70 percent of tobacco deaths in the 2020s will occur in... 
Dental Health Dental and Craniofacial Research is a common platform for researchers in the field of dentistry, oral health, craniofacial and maxillofacial study. Dental and Craniofacial Research publishes articles on injuries and diseases or defects in the face, neck, head, soft and hard tissues of mouth and teeth. It is also concerned with the oral diseases and care. The objective of the journal is to publish of high quality articles on all aspects of tooth, dental implants, orthodontics, craniofacial growth and development, surgery. The Journal provides a unique forum dedicated to scientists to express their research articles, review articles, case... 
This Research Topic includes studies that provide scientific evidence through research and development for advancing traditional 
A brief note on Cancers of the kidney and renal pelvis Cancers of the kidney and renal pelvis represent a constellation of types but the most common are renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the kidney and transitional cell carcinoma in the renal pelvis and ureter. Identification in 1993 of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene on chromosome 3p25-26 began a trend to greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms of renal tumors. An inherited mutation of one gene copy defines the disease, and somatic mutation or epigenetic silencing of the remaining allele leads to the disease phenotype. The VHL mutation results in... 
In recent years, genetic studies, especially genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and next-generation sequencing, have identified multiple risk variants and pathways associated with the potential pathogenesis and genetic mechanisms of human complex diseases. Despite these successes, the majority of genetic risk factors remain to be further identified. The identification of the causative variants or mutations remains challenging and the molecular mechanisms are still rarely characterized. In the post-genome era, the major challenge is to extract novel disease risks from multi-level omics data using system biology methods, which may expand our knowledge of the causes of human complex disease. This Research Topic... 
Past and current genetic forms of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) provide clues as to how the virus has evolved. HIV-1 acquires mutations over time and the virus can also recombine when undergoing replication. Recombination between different HIV-1 subtypes can produce mosaic viral strains which, when causing epidemic spread, are called circulating recombining forms (CRFs). Mutation and recombination lead to genetic diversification onto which evolutionary selection pressures are exerted by effects on the viral replication, transmission, pathogenesis and the immune response. As a result, HIV-1 subtypes have diversified over time and 90 distinct CRFs have been identified globally... 
A SHORT NOTE ON BLADDER CANCER Cancer of the bladder is most commonly transitional cell carcinoma derived from the lining epithelium (around 90%), with the rest composed of squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. 70% of patients with bladder cancer are diagnosed with non-muscle invasive tumors that are successfully treated with local endoscopic resection. While these tumors are not often life threatening, their management requires intense follow-up to monitor for recurrence. There is a need for molecular and cellular characterization of non-muscle invasive tumors that are likely to progress so that appropriate follow-up can be instituted and effective tools for detection... 
Metabolic acidosis is a serious electrolyte disorder characterized by an imbalance in the body’s acid-base balance. Metabolic acidosis has three main root causes: increased acid production, loss of bicarbonate, and a reduced ability of the kidneys to excrete excess acids.Metabolic acidosis can lead to acidemia, which is defined as an arterial blood pH lower than 7.37, which itself is a result of acidosis - the process in the body that causes a low pH in blood and tissues.Acidemia and acidosis are not mutually exclusive – pH and hydrogen ion concentrations also depend on the coexistence of other acid-base disorders; therefore,... 
Craniofacial regeneration refers to the biological process by which the skull and face regrow to heal an injury. This page covers birth defects and injuries related to the craniofacial region, the mechanisms behind the regeneration, the medical application of these processes, and the scientific research conducted on this specific regeneration. This regeneration is not to be confused with tooth regeneration. Craniofacial regrowth is broadly related to the mechanisms of general bone healing. Function Craniofacial regeneration is necessary following injury to the facial tissue. This can occur during surgery, where doctors fracture the face of a patient in order to correct... 
All about Dental Dentistry and Craniofacial Research is one of the best open access journals that aims to publish the most complete and reliable source of information on discoveries and current developments in the mode of original articles, review articles, case reports, short communications, etc. in this field and provide online access without any restrictions or subscriptions to researchers worldwide. The scientists, professors, research scholars can publish their high quality... 
In many developing countries and indigenous communities within developed countries 
On behalf of the Journal of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, as Editor-in-Chief, it is my distinct honour and privilege to welcome you to the Journal of Environmental and Toxicology Studies. The 
Journal of 
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The Journal of 
Journal of 
Orange juice may soon be a thing of the past. International researchers along with University of Florida and Florida State University researchers have received a 4 million dollar grant from the USDA in order combat Candidatus Liberibacter spp. a devastating bacterial disease also known as Citrus Greening, or huanglongbing (HLB), or yellow dragon disease, which is known all around the world, affecting many other citrus growing countries and with no cure known. It is slowly killing off Florida's large orange fields of up to 162,000 acres, as much as 50 percent of production has been cut in the last 4... 
Dental Care Dentistry and Craniofacial Research is an interdisciplinary branch of Dental and Craniofacial Research. The journal covers in the fields of Invisalign, dentist, braces, root canal, wisdom teeth, affordable dentures, teeth whitening, veneers, dental implants, toothache and Cleft Palate, Oral and maxillofacial surgery. Dentistry and Craniofacial Research is a scholarly Open Access journal maintains high standards of scientific excellence and its editorial board promises a rapid peer review process with the help of the Editorial Manager System. The Journal provides a unique forum dedicated to scientists to express their research articles, review articles, case reports and short communications... 
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Drug Discovery Knowledge Pyramid 
Noble Gases 
Pediatrics is a discipline that deals with biological, social, and environmental influences on the developing child and with the impact of disease and dysfunction on development. Children differ from adults anatomically, physiologically, immunologically, psychologically, developmentally, and metabolically. A pediatrician participates at the community level in preventing or solving problems in child health care and publicly advocates the causes of children. Journal of Pediatric Care aims to distribute information on all scientific ground and social aspects related to pediatric issues and neonatal care. Journal of Pediatric Care is a journal published bimonthly issues and is adamant to publish all topics related... 
Reproductive Immunology: Open Access is an open access peer-reviewed journal with successful completion of three volumes welcomes submissions covering the wide variety of topics including immune infertility, gametogenesis, embryogenesis, immunological testing, implantation and placental development, autoimmunity, male and female reproductive tract, gestation and parturition, gametogenesis and embryogenesis, implantation and placental development, mammary glands and lactation, cancer reproductive immunology, etc. The actions of estrogen are mediated by the estrogen receptor (ER), a dimeric nuclear protein that binds to DNA and controls gene expression. Like other steroid hormones, estrogen enters passively into the cell where it binds to and activates the estrogen... 
Case report Criteria BMC Dermatology welcomes well-described reports of cases that include the following: • Unreported or unusual side effects or adverse interactions involving medications. • Unexpected or unusual presentations of a disease. • New associations or variations in disease processes. • Presentations, diagnoses and/or management of new and emerging diseases. • An unexpected association between diseases or symptoms. • An unexpected event in the course of observing or treating a patient. • Findings that shed new light on the possible pathogenesis of a disease or an adverse effect. Case reports submitted to BMC Dermatology should make a contribution to... 
A Case Report of a Patient with Turner Syndrome, Multiple Comorbidities, and Pustular Psoriasis Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease commonly seen in dermatologic practice, and its pathogenesis is attributed to Th-1 and Th-17 cell dysregulation among others . Besides the commonly seen rheumatologic issue of psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis has been shown to have an association with metabolic syndrome and its diagnostic components: obesity, insulin resistance, lipid abnormalities, high blood pressure, and related cardiovascular risk factors . Particularly, this association has been found consistently in epidemiologic studies showing that patients with more severe psoriasis have an increased prevalence of... 
The World Health Organization has declared the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak in China a public health emergency of international concern. Coronaviruses are zoonotic, meaning they are transmitted between animals and people. The animal source of the new type of virus has not been identified. There have been several epidemics, stemming from animal sources, in recent history. The 
As Editor-in-Chief, it is my distinct honour and privilege to welcome you to Our 
Clinico-Paraclinical Aspects and Prognostic Factors of Extracapillary Glomerulonephritis in Senegal Extracapillary glomerulonephritis or ascending glomerulonephritis are a variety of glomerulopathies that are characterized by the presence of more or less circumferential crescent-shaped cell proliferation surrounding the flocculus and associated with a sometimes major inflammatory reaction that may progress to sclerosis. Most commonly, it is a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) with rapidly progressive renal failure within a few days or weeks with no tendency to spontaneous remission and presence of proteinuria and hematuria. Their diagnosis is histological by the presence of glomerular lesions involved more than 50% of glomeruli on a... 
Metabolism is the set of 
Dentistry and Craniofacial Research is one of the best open access journals that aims to publish the most complete and reliable source of information on discoveries and current developments in the mode of original articles, review articles, case reports, short communications, etc. in this field and provide online access without any restrictions or subscriptions to researchers worldwide. 
This Research Topic on “Stem Cell Genetic Fidelity” has the goal of steeping a diverse range of research perspectives to a first comprehensive synthesis of thought on the questions of how tissue stem cells manage gene mutation rate and the significance of that management in mammalian evolution and biology, in particular as it relates to tissue cell renewal, carcinogenesis, and aging. The primary focus will be determinants of mutation rate in distributed stem cells (DSCs), which encompass all naturally occurring stem cells at all stages of mammalian development. In particular, contributions are sought that consider a broad range of aspects... 
In recent years, new knowledge on molecular genetics and the rapid evolution of sequencing and genotyping technology has renewed the interest on genetic prediction. It should be recalled, however, that Mendel gave the basic model to predict traits determined by a single gene in the 19th century. The model was extended to complex traits, affected by several genetic and environmental factors, in the beginning of the 20th century by, among other, Fisher, Haldane and Wright. Since then, the prediction of complex traits has been a traditional field in epidemiology and also in animal and plant breeding. Nowadays, genetics and genomics... 
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Being a Managing Editor to 
Aortic dissection is the most common life-threatening disease involving the aorta. It is rarely associated with systemic disorders such as Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease, a genetic syndrome characterized by cystic degeneration of kidneys, possible presence of cysts in other organs and extra-renal manifestations, including cardiovascular disorders. Aortic dissection should be always ruled out in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease subjects with chest and back pain symptoms, despite them being young and at lower risk. A careful preventive monitoring as well as an optimal blood pressure control may reduce the risk of Aortic dissection and improve the outcome. The ... 
Trauma surgery is a surgical specialty that utilizes both operative and non-operative management to treat traumatic injuries, typically in an acute setting. Trauma surgeons generally complete residency training in General Surgery and often fellowship training in trauma or surgical critical care. The trauma surgeon is responsible for initially resuscitating and stabilizing and later evaluating and managing the patient. The attending trauma surgeon also leads the trauma team, which typically includes nurses and support staff as well as resident physicians in teaching hospitals. Training. Most United States trauma surgeons practice in larger centers and complete a 1-2 year trauma surgery fellowship,... 
Kirchhoff's circuit laws Kirchhoff's circuit laws are two equalities that deal with the current and potential difference (commonly known as voltage) in the lumped element model of electrical circuits. They were first described in 1845 by German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff.[1] This generalized the work of Georg Ohm and preceded the work of James Clerk Maxwell. Widely used in electrical engineering, they are also called Kirchhoff's rules or simply Kirchhoff's laws. These laws can be applied in time and frequency domains and form the basis for network analysis. Both of Kirchhoff's laws can be understood as corollaries of Maxwell's equations in the low-frequency limit. They are accurate for DC circuits, and for AC circuits at frequencies where the wavelengths of electromagnetic... 
HEALTH, HEALTH CARE AND MEDICINE 
MEDICAL RESEARCH INSIGHTs Medical Research: 
VOLUME 5 – ISSUE 1 : CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY 
PREVENT CANCER 
In recent decades, the prevalence of airway diseases has increased despite therapeutic advances. 
Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine and Therapy is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal with an aim to provide rapid and reliable source of information on current discoveries and current developments in the field of cardiovascular. It aims to be an internationally leading journal which keeps cardiologist, internists and physicians up-to-date by publishing clinically relevant and evidence-based research. 
Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine and Therapy is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal with an aim to provide rapid and reliable source of information on current discoveries and current developments in the field of cardiovascular. It aims to be an internationally leading journal which keeps cardiologist, internists and physicians up-to-date by publishing clinically relevant and evidence-based research. 
The most common form of Prostate Cancer, is an uncontrolled proliferation of glandular type cells. 
A SHORT NOTE ON BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPH) BPH is a non-cancerous proliferation of glandular epithelium and connective tissue stroma within the periurethral prostate gland that results in bladder outlet obstruction. Irritative symptoms attributed to detrusor muscle overactivity are often reported as the most bothersome and are sometimes classified as overactive bladder symptoms. The cause of the BPH, which is variable in location and extent within the gland, is unknown1. Taken together, the obstructive and irritative effects are referred to as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and can dramatically decrease quality of life. Treatment currently consists of medication for milder... 
MEDICAL AND HEALTH RESEARCH 
TOGETHER LET’S PREVENT CANCER “
The 
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Eukaryotes Most living things that are visible to the naked eye in their adult form are eukaryotes, including humans. However, many eukaryotes are also microorganisms. Unlike bacteria and archaea, eukaryotes contain organelles such as the cell nucleus, the Golgi apparatus and mitochondria in their cells. The nucleus is an organelle that houses the DNA that makes up a cell's genome. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) itself is arranged in complex chromosomes. Mitochondria are organelles vital in metabolism as they are the site of the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. They evolved from symbiotic bacteria and retain a remnant genome. Like bacteria,... 
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Molecular Informatics 
Chemical Informatics : Open access 
URINARY INCONTINENCE and OVERACTIVE BLADDER Both the autonomic and voluntary nervous systems normally control storage of urine in the bladder and its subsequent excretion by voiding. Nerves originating locally in the spinal cord control the muscles that keep the exit sphincters closed, sense the buildup of urine and then deactivate the sphincters while stimulating the detrusor muscle in the bladder wall to expel the contents. This local neural circuit is sufficient to regulate cyclic filling and emptying of the bladder. After infancy, the local circuit is itself subject to voluntary control by higher levels of the central nervous system which...